奥运会发展史英语版_奥运会起源英语

1.奥运会历史 英语简介 100词

2.谁能帮我说下关于奥运的历史之类的(英文)

3.奥运会简介（英语版）

4.奥运会英文介绍是什么呢?

The Olympic Games , or Olympics, is an international multi-sport event taking place every fourth year. Originally held in ancient Greece, they were revived by a French nobleman, Pierre Frèdy, Baron de Coubertin in the late 19th century. The Games of the Olympiad, better known as the Summer Olympics, have been held every fourth year since 1896, with the exception of the years during the World Wars.

Before the 1970s the Games were officially limited to competitors with amateur status, but in the 1980s many events were opened to professional athletes. Currently the Games are open to all, even the top professional athletes in basketball and football (soccer). The ancient Olympic Games included several of the sports that are now part of the Summer Games program, which at times has included events in as many as 32 different sports. In 1924 the Winter Games were sanctioned for winter sports. The Olympic Games have come to be regarded as the world's foremost sports competition.

奥运会历史 英语简介 100词

April 6, 1896, was definitely a day to remember. King George I of Greece announced the opening of the first International Olympic Games in Athens. A total of 245 athletes from 14 nations competed in the ancient Panathenaic stadium.

In this first modern Games, the winner was awarded a silver medal. The second athlete was given a bronze medal while the third athlete received nothing.

The man who re-introduced the Olympic Games to the modern world was Baron Pierre de Coubertin (1863-1937) of France. He was enthusiastic about the Games because he thought they were similar to the French education system, which combined moral and social education in school games.

He travelled the world to gather support for his dream to have countries come together in the name of sport. "The important thing in life is not the victory but competing; the main thing is not to have won but to have fought well," he said.

Coubertin held an international meeting in Paris in 1894 and established the International Olympic Committee. Two years later his ideal — bringing together the youth of the world in a friendly competition - became a reality at the first celebration of the modern Olympic Games.

From the start of the modern Olympics, male athletes of every race, religion, and nationality have been allowed to participate.

No women competed in 1896. A few female golfers and tennis players were allowed to take part in the 1900 Games. Female gymnasts and track-and-field athletes first competed at the 1928 Games. Women's Olympic sports have grown hugely since then. Today women make up about half of the total number of competitors.

This has not been the only change. Figure skating was part of the Summer Games of 1908 and 1920, and ice hockey was played in 1920. They then became part of the Winter Olympics, which was first held in 1924 in France.

Although founded to help world peace, the modern Olympic Games sometimes become a stage for political arguments. The most controversial Olympics were the Berlin Games of 1936. Under the rule of the Nazis, German Jewish athletes were banned from the German team.

The Olympic Games were interrupted twice during the First and Second World Wars. The event was not held in 1916, 1940 and 1944.

回眸现代奥运百年之路，感受沧桑变化中那份历久弥坚的执著

1896年4月6日是一个值得纪念的日子。那天，希腊国王乔治一世宣布希腊举办的首届国际奥林匹克运动会开幕。来自14个国家的245名运动员参加了这场在古老的雅典体育场举行的盛会。

在这次首届现代奥运会上，冠军被授予一枚银牌，亚军获得一枚铜牌，而季军什么奖牌也没有。

法国人巴隆·皮耶尔·德·顾拜旦 (1863-1937)将奥运会重新引入了现代世界。他之所以对奥运会热情很高，是因为他觉得奥运会与法国的学校教育具有相通之处，两者都将道德教育和社会教育融入到运动会之中。

他周游世界，寻求人们对他奥林匹克梦想的支持，希望世界各国能以体育运动的名义相聚。他说：“人生最重要的东西并不是胜利本身，而是竞争的过程，重要的不是赢得胜利，而是努力奋斗。”

1894年，顾拜旦在巴黎召开了一个国际会议，成立了国际奥林匹克委员会。两年后，他的梦想——以一个友好比赛使各国青年汇聚——在首届现代奥林匹克运动会时变成了现实。

自现代奥运会诞生之日起，各种族、宗教、民族的男性运动员均被允许参赛。

1896年奥运会的时候，还没有女性选手参赛。1900年奥运会时，开始有一些女性高尔夫球选手和网球选手获准参赛。而到了1928年奥运会，女性体操和田径运动员首次出现在比赛场上。自此以后，奥林匹克运动在女性中发展壮大。如今，女选手大约占据了参赛选手总人数的半边天。

除此之外，奥运会的变化还有很多。比如，花样滑冰成为1908年和1920年夏季奥运会的运动项目，此外，1920年的比赛项目中加入冰球。它们随后成为了冬季奥运会的竞赛项目。首届冬季奥运会于1924年在法国举行。

举办现代奥运会的初衷在于促进世界和平，但有时它却变成一个政治纷争的舞台。1936年的柏林奥运会最受争议。当时因为纳粹在德国主政，所以德国的犹太运动员被禁止代表德国队参赛。

现代奥运会曾因两次世界大战而中断，1916年、1940年和1944年的奥运会都未能如期举行。

谁能帮我说下关于奥运的历史之类的(英文)

Olympic History 奥运历史

According to historical records,the Olympics Games began more than 2,700 years ago.These ancient Olympics games were held in Olym pia , Greece as early as 776 BC. 根据历史记载，最早的奥运会可以追溯到2700多年前。公元前776年，在希腊的奥林匹亚城举行了第一届古代奥运会。

It was during this period that the basis of the Olympic movement began to evolve into a philosophy of life.This philosophy included the qualities of body,will,and mind in a balanced whole. It can be summarized as noble competitio n ,friendship and peaceful cooperation.

在这段漫漫和历史长河中，奥运会的涵义逐渐演变成一种人生哲理，她把身体、意志和精神融为了一个平衡的整体，归纳为“高尚竞争、团结友谊和友好合作”。

The Olympic spirit was born out of this philosop- hy,placing noble competition , sport, peace , and education atthe core of Greek civilization. 奥运精神诞生于这一人生哲理，并将高尚竞争、体育、和平和教育融入希腊文明的核心。

In 1896 the first modern Olympic games were held in Athens and since that time the Olympic Games have bee hosted every 4 years by various host cities around the world.Each time the games are held, it is called an Olympiad. 1896年第一届现代奥运会在雅典举行。此后每四年在世界不同城市轮流举办。每次都这疲称为奥林匹克周期。　　　　　　　　　　　　

The Olympics is an amateur competition,this means the winning competitors are not awardes money prizes but rather gold,silver and bronze medals to signify their place.

奥运会是业余爱好者的竞技大会，这意味着获胜者没有奖金收入，而是通过金、银、铜牌也区分他们的名次。

Competitors nowdays can expect to profit from corporate product endorsements as well as money incentives provided by their own national governments if they perform well at the Olympic movement.　 当然，现在的运动员如果比赛中表现出色，他们可以通过做产品代言获得可观的收入，或者得到他们自己国家颁发的奖金。

In recent decades,games celebrating the Winter Olympics and paralympics have become major events associated with the Olympic movement.　　

近几十年来，冬奥会和残奥会成为了奥运会中的两大运动盛会。　　　　　　　　　　

The most recent Summer Olympic games were held in Athens ,Greece in 2004.This was the celebration of the XXVIII Olympiad.This was the first return of the Olympic Games to Greece in 108 years.

最近的一届夏季奥运会是2004年希腊雅典举行的第二十八届奥运会。这标志着奥运会在诞生108年后，首次回到她的故乡希腊。

China's first chance to host the Olympic Games will arrive in 2008 when Beijing will be the host city for the XXIX Olympiad. 2008年北京将举办第二十九届奥运会，这是中国第一次承办奥运盛会。

The IOC selecter Beijing over the other applicant host cities of Totonto,Paris,Istanbul and Osaka.It is a great honor to host the Summer Olympics,but also a great responsibility and a great challenage. 国际奥委会从北京、多伦多、巴黎、伊斯坦布尔和大板五个候选城市中选择了北京。能够承办夏季奥运会是极大的荣幸，也是巨大的挑战，因为责任重大。

The games will be attended by over 100 nations with over 10,000 athletes taking part in competitions assisted by over 60,000 volunteers and officials.Mananging all these people from different countries,cultures,and languages is a great task.

届时将有100多个国家，超过10，000名运动员参加比赛，同时还有60，000名志愿者、裁判和管理人员参加工作。安排这些来自五湖四海，存在不同文化和语言差异的人们也是一项艰巨的工作。

he Summer Olympic games is clearly the world's largest,most complex,and most watched international event.If history can guide us , its popularity is certain to grow even more in the future. 毫无疑问，夏季奥运会是世界上规模最大，项目最多，最爱关注的国际体育盛会。历史告诉我们，在未来的日子里奥运会一定会起来越受欢迎。

奥运会简介（英语版）

古奥运会从公元前776年起，到公元394年止，经历了1168年，共举行了293届。按其起源、盛衰，大致分为三个时期：

（1）公元前776年至公元前388年，公元前776年,伯罗奔尼撒的统治者伊菲图斯,努力使宗教与体育竞技合为一体。它不仅革新宗教仪式,还组织大规模的体育竞技,活动,并决定每4年举行一次。时间定在闰年的夏至之后。所以公元前776年的古代奥林匹克运动会就正式载入史册,成为古代奥运会的第1届。当时仅有一个比赛项目。即距离为192.27米的场地跑。

这一时期各城邦之间虽有纷争，但希腊是一个独立的国家，政治、经济、文化都较发达，是运动会的黄金时期。特别是公元前490年，希腊雅典在马拉松河谷大败波斯军之后，民情奋发，国威大振，兴建了许多运动设施、庙宇等，参赛者遍及希腊各个城邦，奥运会盛极一时，成为希腊最盛大的节日。

（2）公元前388年至公元前146年，开始衰落。由于斯巴达和雅典长期的伯罗奔尼撤战争（公元前431年至公元前404年），希腊国力大减，马其顿逐渐吞并了希腊。马其顿君王菲利普还亲制自参加了赛马。随后亚历山大帝虽自己不喜爱体育活动，仍积极支持，并视奥运会为古希腊的最高体育活动开幕式，为其增添设施。不过，这一时期古奥运会精神已大为减色，并开始出现职业运动员。

（3）公元前146年至公元394年，古奥运会由衰落走向毁灭。罗马帝国统治希腊后，起初虽仍举行运动会，但奥林匹亚已不是唯一竞赛地了。如公元前80年第 175届奥运会，罗马经济规律就把优秀竞技者召集在罗马比赛，而奥林匹亚只举行了少年赛。这时职业运动员已开始大量出现，奥运会成了职业选手的比赛，希腊人对之失去了兴趣。公元2世纪后，基督教统治了包括希腊在内的整个欧洲，倡导禁欲主义，主张灵肉分开，反对体育运动，使欧洲处于一个黑暗时代，奥运会也随之更趋衰落，直至名存实亡。公元393年罗马皇帝狄奥多西一世宣布基督教为国教，认为古奥运会有违基督教教旨，是异教徒活动，翌年宣布废止古奥运会。公元 895年，拜占廷人与歌德人的阿尔菲斯河发生激战，使奥林匹亚各项设施毁失殆尽。公元426年狄奥多西二世烧毁了奥林匹亚建筑物的残余部分。公元522、 511年接连发生的两次强烈地震，使奥林匹亚遭到了彻底毁灭。就这样顺延了1000余年的古奥运会不复存在了，繁荣的奥林匹亚变成了一片废墟。

古代奥运会比赛日程和项目

古代奥运会从第1届起, 决定每4年举行1次, 每届只举行1天。随着比赛项目的不断增多, 从第22届古代奥运会开始, 组织者决定将比赛时间改为3天, 加上开幕式、闭幕式及庆典活动, 整个会期为5天。竞赛项目增多为:五项全能(铁饼、标枪、跳远、角力、跑步)、拳击、摔跤、战车赛跑、赛马等。

古代奥运会自公元前776年第1届至公元前394年共举办了293届, 都是在古希腊奥林匹亚运动场举行。比赛场建在阿尔菲斯河谷北面的小丘旁。小丘经过修整成为看台,最初可容纳2万观众, 后扩大到4.5万人, 并设有160个贵宾席。比赛场长212米, 宽32米, 跑道长192.25米, 表面未经特殊处理, 起跑处铺大理石。赛场西南部有练习场, 用石柱廊围起 ,形成一院落。一侧建会议厅、更衣室和浴室等。这里还有一个770米×320米跑马场, 供赛马和马车比赛用。

古代奥运会处罚规则

古代奥运会的比赛规则十分严厉,违者要受到严厉的惩罚。这表现了他们的荣辱感。古希腊人认为,奥运会是神圣的,光明正大地取胜才是最光荣的。反之,则是对神圣事业的亵渎。

古代奥运会对弄虚作假者深恶痛绝。第90届古代奥运会上,一个名叫利哈斯的选手获得了冠军，他自称是斯巴达人，但经核实，他是另一个城邦的人,于是被取了名次。古代奥运会对于行贿受贿者更是严惩不贷，不仅要剥夺冠军的称号,还要罚重金以警世人,罚金则用于雕刻宙斯像。第98届古代奥运会上, 一拳击运动员因买通另外3名敌手取胜,结果4人皆被罚重金。古代奥运会的组织者用这4人的罚金雕刻了4尊宙斯像,其中一尊还刻上以下警句：奥林匹克的胜利不是可用金钱买来的,而需依靠飞快的两脚和健壮的体魄。

古代奥运会特色

古代奥运会有三大特色。第一, 古代奥运会是以祭神为主,内容丰富多彩, 是形式多样的全希腊综合盛会。包括祭祀天神宙斯,朝拜、祝寿众神、诗人朗诵作品演说家发表祝词、开展集市贸易等活动, 体育竞技仅作为其中的一项内容。第二古代奥运会是希腊各民族文化的一部分, 它起到了团结各族人民,维护国家统一, 减少和制止战争的积极作用, 与政治有着极为密切的关系。第三,由古希腊的风俗习惯、艺术风格、地理环境和物质生产等因素决定, "赤身运动"是它的一大特色。比赛时, 要求裸体的运动员全身涂上橄榄油, 以使身体在阳光的照射下熠熠生光 , 肌肉更富有弹性 ,更加显示出运动员健美的体态 ,使人们从中得到一种美的享受。

另外, 古希腊奥运会的规则规定:禁止女子参加和参观比赛,违反者要受到极刑处置。原因有二:一是古代奥运会的大部分比赛项目, 在相当长的时间内 ,要求运动员赤身裸体进行比赛,妇女到场有伤风化。二是古希腊的体育竞技 , 是宗教庆典内容之一, 是不允许妇女出席的。据说, 最初的古代奥运会参赛运动员是披着兽皮衣服进行比赛的。在一次比赛中 ,一身披狮子皮的选手, 不慎将狮子皮脱落到地上, 他顿时变成赤身裸体, 可他并未因此而影响自己的比赛。最后, 击败了对手, 夺得了橄榄冠。在这次意外的"事故"中, 人们发现裸体更能体现肌肉的健美 , 领略到了一种特殊的魅力,于 是规定以后一律进行赤身比赛。

赤身运动是古希腊文化艺术的独到之处,具有悠久的历史。古希腊历史上所说的"力的时代"就是指这一时期。这在古希腊雕塑家、艺术家的作品中均有所反映,他们的作品刻画的都是赤身裸体的人物。当时,肌肉发达,|健壮有力,被人们公认为是美的象征。

古代奥运会授奖仪式

古代奥运会的授奖仪式庄严而隆重。授奖台设在宙斯像前,橄榄冠放在一个特制的三脚台上。授奖时,先由报导官宣布运动员的姓名、比赛成绩、所属的城邦及运动员父母的名字。然后由司仪把优胜者领到主持人面前, 主持人起身, 将橄榄冠从三脚台上取下来, 给优胜者戴上。这时, 观众唱歌、诵诗、奏乐、欢呼,并向运动员投掷鲜花。古奥运会对获胜运动员的奖励, 虽曾多次改变,但原则都是着重于精神奖励。物质奖励也有, 但相当微薄。

以橄榄枝作为古代奥运会的精神,作为奥林匹克运动精神的象征, 寓意深刻, 影响久远。古希腊人认为,橄榄树是雅典保护神雅典娜带到人间的, 是神赐予人类和平与幸福的象征,因此用橄榄枝编织的橄榄冠是最神圣的奖品, 能获得它是最高的荣誉。据说,用于编织桂冠的橄榄枝必须得由一个双亲健在的12岁儿童, 用纯金刀子从神树上割下来, 然后精心编制。

在奥林匹亚举行的授奖仪式结束后,优胜者便可陆续还乡。这时, 各城邦还将为他们的优胜者凯旋归来而组织盛大的庆典活动。后来希腊还规定免去优胜运动员对国家的义务,在剧场或节日盛会上为他们设置荣誉座位, 个别城邦还发给有功绩的运动员终身津贴。

奥运会历史

古代奥运会的圣火

古代奥运会召开前,依照宗教规定人们聚集在奥林匹亚宙斯神庙前,举行庄严肃穆的仪式,从祭坛点燃火炬,然后奔赴希腊各个城邦。火炬手高举火炬,一边奔跑, 一边呼喊:停止一切战争,参加运动会!火炬像一道严格的命令，有至高无上的的权力，火炬到哪里，哪里的战火就熄灭了。即使是在激烈厮杀的城邦也都纷纷放下武器,神圣休战开始了。希腊又恢复了和平的生活,人们忘记了仇恨, 忘记了战争, 都奔向奥林匹亚参加奥林匹克运动会。

The games were held every four years during August and September and the word "Olympiad", which referred to the four year intervals between competitions, was commonly used to measure time. The first documented Olympic champion was a man named Coroebus, a cook from Elis who won the sprint race in 776 BC. Historians believe that the games had already existed for at least 500 years prior to that date. The Olympic Games originally featured only one event: a race called the "stade", equal to a distance of about 210 yards. By 728 BC two additional races had been added, comparable to the 400 meter and 1,500 meter races of the modern games. The Olympics came to include wrestling, boxing and the pentathlon, as well as specialized events for soldiers and heralds. It was only in 472 BC that the events were spread out over a period of four to five days, previously they had all taken place on a single day.

Participation in the Olympic Games was originally limited to free born Greeks, but as Greek civilization was spread by the conquests of Alexander the Great, the Games drew entrants from as far away as Antioch, Sidon and Alexandria. While the only official prize was a wreath or garland, successful athletes were supported by the governments of their cities and devoted much time to training. Most of the competitors were, in fact, professionals. After the Roman conquest of Greece in the second century BC, the Olympic Games suffered a decline in popularity and importance, but the Games persisted until AD 393, when the Roman emperor Theodosius I ordered their abolition.

The idea of reviving the Olympic Games originated with Baron Pierre de Coubertin, a 29 year old French aristocrat who first publicly raised the issue in 1892. At a conference on international sport held in Paris in 1894, Coubertin managed to convince delegates from 49 organizations representing nine countries to vote in favor of an Olympic revival. His chief allies in this effort were Dimitrios Vikelas of Greece and Professor William M. Sloane of the United States. The organizers had planned the first modern Olympics for 1900 in Paris, but later decided to move the date forward to 1896 and to change the venue to Athens, though the local government of the Greek capital was initially hostile to the idea. Coubertin and his colleagues of the newly formed International Olympic Committee eventually prevailed, and the first Olympic Games of the modern era were inaugurated by the King of Greece in the first week of April 1896.

The Games of 1896, 1900 and 1904 were loosely organized and did not feature national teams produced by rigorous selection. The 1908 Games, held in London in a newly built 66,000 seat stadium, were the first where the events were organized by the relevant authorities in each athletic discipline. More than 2,000 athletes from 22 nations competed in 100 events. The 1912 Olympic Games in Stockholm drew more then 2,500 competitors from 28countries and featured the first women's swimming events. No Games were held in 1916 due to World War I, but the Games enjoyed strong growth after the war, with 44 nations participating in the 1924 Olympics in Paris. At the1928 Games in Amsterdam there were more than 290 women among the 3,000athletes, more than double the number that took part in 1924. The Olympic Games were suspended again for 12 years because of World War II, resuming in 1948 in London. The post-war era saw steady growth in the number of countries and athletes competing and a dramatic increase in women's events.

Politics began to intrude on the Games in a serious way at the 1972 Olympics in Munich, where Palestinian terrorists attacked Israeli athletes in the Olympic Village. Sixty nations boycotted the 1980 Moscow Olympics to protest the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, while the Soviets and some of their allies retaliated by declining to take part in the 1984 Games in Los Angeles. The end of the Cold War has eliminated the largest source of political conflict, and most Olympic controversies in recent years have centered on accusations

奥运会是每四年举行一次,在8、9月间将"奥林匹克",其中提到,间隔四年比赛,通常是用来衡量时间. 奥运冠军是第一个有记载的姓Coroebus,从厨师伊菲托斯短跑竞赛曾获776BC. 历史学家认为,游戏中至少已有500年前那一天. 原来只有一个突出的奥运事件:比赛称为"高速",相当于约210码的距离. 由公元前728增加了两个新赛事,相当于400米和1500米比赛的现代游戏. 悉尼奥运会将是摔跤,拳击赛,以及专门为军人和活动预告. 直到472BC,分散活动为期4至5天,他们以前都在一天内发生.

参加奥运会原本只限于希腊人没有出生,但希腊文明的传播是时代的亚历山大大,请游戏者远从Antioch,亚历山大和西顿. 而正式比赛只获得了花圈或推断,由运动员成功的城市,政府投入大量的时间来训练. 大部分选手实际上人才. 在罗马征服希腊在公元前二世纪,奥运下降欢迎和重视,但游戏持续到393广告时,我信奉罗马帝国皇帝下令取消.

复兴奥运会的设想源于顾拜旦男爵Pierrede,Aristocrat29岁的法国人在1892年首次公开提出这个问题. 在国际体育会议在巴黎举行的1894年,顾拜旦设法说服来自9个国家的49个组织的代表在表决奥运复活. 他在这方面的主要盟友都不能容忍教授WilliamM.斯维克拉斯希腊和美国斯隆. 主办单位原计划首批1900年奥运会的巴黎,但后来决定将提交日期1896年,地点改为雅典,但地方政府的希腊首都最初设想的敌对. 顾拜旦和他的同事们在新成立的国际奥委会最终胜利,第一,现代奥运会开幕的希腊国王在1896年4月的第一个星期.

1896年的奥运会、1900年和1904年的特点是组织松散,没有严格的选拔产生的国家队. 1908年的比赛中,在伦敦举行的一个新建的体育场66000席,是首次举办的活动,有关部门在每个运动员的纪律. 来自22个国家的2000多名运动员参赛,100事件. 1912年在斯德哥尔摩举行的奥运选手28countries提请就有2500头,包括妇女游泳活动. 比赛是在1916年没有因为我的世界战争,而是享受游戏战后强劲增长,有44个国家参加1924年奥运会在巴黎举行. 在阿姆斯特丹the1928游戏有超过290名女运动员之一,人数增加一倍以上,1924年参加. 奥运会中断了12年再次因第二次世界大战于1948年在伦敦开. 战后时代看到了稳步增长,一些国家的运动员有竞争和急剧增加妇女的事件.

政治游戏开始进犯以认真的态度在1972年慕尼黑奥运会上,巴勒斯坦恐怖分子袭击以色列运动员在奥运村. 1980年60个国家抵制莫斯科奥运会,抗议苏联入侵阿富汗,苏联和一些盟国的报复拒绝参加1984年在洛杉矶比赛. 冷战的结束消除政治冲突的最大来源,近年来争议最奥林匹克中心指控

福娃 Mascot

Beijing 2008: meet the mascots

A cartoon panda and Tibetan antelope（藏羚羊）are the newest Olympic players. They were among five mascots introduced last Friday for the 2008 Summer Games.

The announcement（宣布） was made at a nationwide gala（庆典）, marking the 1,000-day countdown（倒数计时） to the event.

The Five Friendlies

The five mascots are called the Five Friendlies. They are a panda, fish, Tibetan antelope, swallow（燕子） and the Olympic flame（火焰）. Each mascot the color of one of the Olympic rings, they also represent the sea, forests, fire, earth and air.

The Five Friendlies are called “Beibei,” “Jingjing,” “Huanhuan,” “Yingying” and “Nini,” which together mean “Beijing Huanying Ni” or in English – “Welcome to Beijing”.

The Five Friendlies will join the games slogan（口号） “One World, One Dream” and running man symbol which looks like the Chinese character for “capital.”

The Five Friendlies is the most number of mascots any Olympic Games has had in more than 30 years. The Salt Lake City and Sydney Games both had three.

奥运会英文介绍是什么呢?

The Modern Olympics

The modern revival of the Olympic games is due in a large measure to the efforts of Pierre, baron de Coubertin, of France. They were held, appropriately enough, in Athens in 1896, but that meeting and the ones that followed at Paris (1900) and at St. Louis (1904) were hampered by poor organization and the absence of worldwide representation. The first successful meet was held at London in 1908; since then the games have been held in cities throughout the world (see Sites of the Modern Olympic Games , table). World War I prevented the Olympic meeting of 1916, and World War II the 1940 and 1944 meetings. The number of entrants, competing nations, and events have increased steadily.

To the traditional events of track and field athletics , which include the decathlon and heptathlon, have been added a host of games and sports—archery, badminton, baseball and softball, basketball, boxing, canoeing and kayaking, cycling, diving, equestrian contests, fencing, field hockey, gymnastics, judo and taekwondo, the modern pentathlon, rowing, sailing, shooting, soccer, swimming, table tennis, team (field) handball, tennis, trampoline, the triathlon, volleyball, water polo, weight lifting, and wrestling. Olympic events for women made their first appearance in 1912. A separate series of winter Olympic meets, inaugurated (1924) at Chamonix, France, now includes ice hockey, curling, bobsledding, luge, skeleton, and skiing, snowboarding, and skating events. Since 1994 the winter games have been held in even-numbered years in which the summer games are not contested. Until late in the 20th cent. the modern Olympics were open only to amateurs, but the governing bodies of several sports now permit professionals to compete as well.

As a visible focus of world energies, the Olympics have been prey to many factors that thwarted their ideals of world cooperation and athletic excellence. As in ancient Greece, nationalistic fervor has fostered intense rivalries that at times threatened the survival of the games. Although officially only individuals win Olympic medals, nations routinely assign political significance to the feats of their citizens and teams. Between 1952 and 1988 rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, rooted in mutual political antagonism, resulted in each boycotting games hosted by the other (Moscow, 1980; Los Angeles, 1984). Politics has influenced the Olympic games in other ways, from the propaganda of the Nazis in Berlin (1936) to pressures leading to the exclusion of white-ruled Rhodesia from the Munich games (1972). At Munich, nine Israeli athletes were kidnapped and murdered by Palestinian terrorists. The International Olympic Committee (IOC), which sets and enforces Olympic policy, has struggled with the licensing and commercialization of the games, the need to schedule events to accommodate American television networks (whose broadcasting fees help underwrite the games), and the monitoring of athletes who seek illegal competitive advantages, often through the use of performance-enhancing drugs. The IOC itself has also been the subject of controversy. In 1998 a scandal erupted with revelations that bribery and favoritism had played a role in the awarding of the 2002 Winter Games to Salt Lake City, Utah, and in the selection of some earlier venues. As a result, the IOC instituted a number of reforms including, in 1999, initiating age and term limits for members and barring them from visiting cities bidding to be Olympic sites.

The Olympic Games originated in ancient Greece more than 2000 years ago and got its name because it was held in Olympia.

奥林匹克运动会发源于两千多年前的古希腊，因举办地在奥林匹亚而得名。

After the closure of the ancient Olympic Games for 1500 years, the French Coubertin put forward the initiative of hosting the modern Olympic Games at the end of the 19th century.

古代奥林匹克运动会停办了1500年之后，法国人顾拜旦于19世纪末提出举办现代奥林匹克运动会的倡议。

The Olympic Committee was established in 1894, the first Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece in 1896, and the first Winter Olympic Games were held in 1924.

1894年成立奥委会，1896年希腊雅典举办了首届奥运会，1924年举办了首届冬奥会。

The first Paralympic Games were held in 1960, the first winter Paralympic Games in 1976, the first Youth Olympic Games in 2010 and the first Winter Youth Olympic Games in 2012.

1960年举办了首届残奥会，1976年举办首届冬季残奥会，2010年举办了首届青奥会，2012年举办了首届冬青奥会。

It is held every four years for no more than 16 days. It is the most influential sports event in the world.

每四年一届，会期不超过16日，是世界上影响力最大的体育盛会。